Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy following neck dissection.

BACKGROUND Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is a rare but devastating complication of surgery. It has traditionally been associated with intraoperative hypotension in patients with underlying arteriosclerosis. METHODS We present a case of ION following bilateral neck dissections in which there was minimal intraoperative hypotension and preservation of both internal jugular veins. The potential etiology of this disease is discussed along with a review of the literature. RESULTS Five cases of ION following neck dissection have been documented. This complication is associated with the combination of intraoperative hypotension and anemia in the setting of prolonged bilateral neck dissection. Treatment is supportive, and final visual prognosis is variable. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic optic neuropathy following neck dissection is best avoided by intraoperative blood pressure and anemia management. When it does occur, supportive therapy must be given. Final visual outcome is variable.